Impact of field irrigation management on some irrigation efficiencies and productivity of wheat and soybean crops [electronic resource].

Includes reference.

Two field experiments were conducted at t e Experimental Farm of Sakha Agric. Res. Station during the winter season (200512006) and summer season (2006). The work aimed to study the influence of different marwas (field ditch) options (Gated and Concrete pipes and traditional field ditch), border length (60 and 120 m) and width (12, 18 and 24 m) on some irrigation efficiencies and productivity of wheat and soybean crops. Data showed that the grain yield of wheat and soybean crops were significantly increase with gated and concrete pipes and with shorter border length and width. Grain yield under gated and concrete pipes respectively, were higher than under traditional field ditch by about 8.0 and 3.0 % of wheat and 9.0 and 7.0 % of soybean. The corresponding values were 5.0 and 2.0 % in wheat straw yield. Border 60m length and 18m width were higher, respectively by about 5.0 and 19.73 % for wheat grain yield and 5.0 and 9.7 % for soybean seed yield than border 120m Iength and 24m width. The interactions between field canal options and border length and between field canal options and border width and between border length and width were significant for the wheat grain and straw yields. The interactions between field canal options, border length and width were significant for the wheat straw yield. While, all interactions for all parameters studied under soybean crop were insignificant except that pods/plant which it was significant. Results showed that, the lowest amount of water applied, water consumptive use (m³/fed) and water losses % and the highest values of field water use, crop water use efficiencies (kg/m³) and water application 364 efficiency % were obtained under gated pipes, 60m border length and 12m border width. While, t e highest amount of irrigation water, water consumptive use (m³/fed) and application losses % an the lowest values of field water e and crop water use efficiencies (kg/m³) and water application efficiency % were obtained under traditional field ditch, 120m border length and 24m width. Gated and concrete pipes could save irrigation water by 9.2 and 6.82% for wheat crop, while these values were 12.52, 5. 1% for soybean crop, respectively, compared to traditional field ditch. Border 60m length and 12m width resulted in saving irrigation water over than 120m length and 24m width, respectively by 4.66 and 6.49 % under wheat cultivation, while under soybean, the water saving were 9.69 and 2.36 %.

Summary in Arabic.

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