Reappearance of lumpy skin disease (LSD) in Egypt [electronic resource].

Includes references.

During late summer and autumn, 2005, outbreaks of Lumpy skin disease (LSD) were observed in different Egyptian governorates. So, this study was carried out to explore some epidemiological and clinical aspects of the disease in these recent outbreaks. Three private farms at Salheia and Gharbia governorate in addition to 200 individual animals belonging to farmers in different villages at different governorate were used in this study. In the first farm out of the examined 833 Friesian cattle 500 contracted the disease; 2S of them were died representing a morbidity rate 60.02%, mortality rate 3% and case fatality rate of 5%. In the second farm out of the examined 20 Friesian cattle, 10 contracted the disease; two of them were died representing a morbidity rate 50%, mortality rate 10% and case fatality rate of 20%. Whereas in the third farm out of the examined 70 Holstein cattle, 3 of them contracted the disease representing a morbidity rate of 4.28% whereas no fatality was recorded in this farm. The occurrence of the disease in late summer, 2005 indicating the role of biting insect in the disease transmission. The expansion of the outbreaks through autumn months suggest other modes of transmission rather than the insect as the needles that used in vaccination and medication in addition to the role of direct contact. Concerning the clinical findings that observed in these outbreaks, infected animals showed, pyrexia, anorexia, nasal discharge, salivation, depressions, external lymphadenopathy, dysgalactia, appearance of skin nodules of varying size which may cover the whole of the animal's body. These nodules might disappear spontaneously within 3 to 4 weeks or gathered to form large lumps that increase in the thickness of the skin at the coalesced lesions. Some lumps were opened and sloughed leaving ulcer in the detached area in some cases. Lesions are often found in the mouth and upper respiratory tract. Edema of legs, brisket, head regions and scrotum in males was observed. Lameness and recumbency was observed in cases with severe edema. It was complicated with respiratory manifestation, pneumonia, hemorrhagic enteritis, dehydration and later recumbency followed by death. Abortion was reported in one Holstein cattle in the fifth month. Postmortem findings observed in dead Friesian cattle were in the form of skin nodules in different part of skin; these nodules involve all skin thickness, subcutis and muscles in some cases, superficial lymph node enlargement. Similar nodules were observed in upper respiratory tract, lungs and digestive system.

Summary in Arabic.