Heterosis and combining ability in diallel cross among six egyptian and exotic varieties of bread wheat [electronic resource].

Includes references.

Grain yield and its components were recorded and evaluated during the genotypes studies. Then these parameters were used as indices in selection breeding program. The genotypes Sakha 93 and Gemmiza 7 were the most productive ones in grain yield and number of kernels per plant, while Line 8 results in poor yielding for number of spikes per m2. Line 6 showed lowest values for grain yield and number of kernels per spike. The other genotypes showed different behavior and revealed variability between them under recommended conditions. A diallel cross set involving six wheat genotypes (Gemmiza 7, Sakha 69, Sakha 93, Sakha 8, Line 1 and Line 2) was conducted in order to estimate the expression of heterosis and combining ability. The results showed that parents and their F) hybrids differed significantly for all the studied characters. The best heterotic hybrids were (Gemmiza 7 x Sakha 93 and Line 1 x Line 2) exhibited significant positive heterosis over both mid and better parent for grain yield. The diallel analysis indicated that the Gemmiza 7 was the best general combiner parent for grain yield, number of spikes per plant and 1000-kernel weight. While, Sakha 93 was the best combiner for number of spikes per plant and 1000¬kernel weight The hybrids, Gemmiza 7 x Sakha 93, Sakha 93 x Sakha 8 and Gemmiza 7 x Sakha 93 showed the best specific combining ability (SCA) for grain yield and number of spikes per plant. Heritability estimates for grain yield was 84% and 73% for number of spikes per m2, while heritability values were similar for number of kernels per spike and 1000-kernel weight (82% and 81%), respectively.

Summary in Arabic.

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