Synergistic effect of sylgard 309® with prepared and commercial formulations of malathion and chlorpyrifos against Tribolium castaneum (coleoptera: tenebrionidae) [electronic resource].

Includes references.

The physical properties, toxicity and potency of the prepared and commercial formulations of malathion and chlorpyrifos in addition to their synergistic effect with Sylgard 3098 against the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) were investigated. The mixture of the technical chlorpyrifos or malathion dissolved in xylene with the either emulsifiers (Calcicum or Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate [Ca DBS or Na DBS}) as ionic liquids succeeded in inducing emulsion stability in two successful prepared formulations for each insecticide as well as Triton-X100. The prepared formulation passed the cold/stability tests. The toxicity of the all tested formulations was evaluated against T. castaneum. The prepared formulations were matching those locally sold commercial formulations of malathion and chlorpyrifos which have been produced by Egyptian chemical and insecticides companies. The prepared formulations of either malathion or chlorpyrifos that containing the emulsifier Ca DBS were more toxic than those containing Na DBS. All the tested formulations of chlorpyrifos were more efficient toxic than those of malathion. The toxicity index, relative potency and potency were calculated based on 24 and 48 hrs bioassay to compare the prepared formulations with the commercial ones. Chlorpyrifos formulations were more synergized than malathion formulations by Sylgard 309® (as a synergist) and therefore, the use of such synergist will reduce the costs of application, insecticidal rate, and thus reduces both the environmental stress and the resistance pressure.

Summary in Arabic.

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