Quality of thirteen grain sorghum genotypes in relation to growth characters, yield and yield components and fingerprints [electronic resource].

Includes references.

Aiming to evaluate thirteen grain sorghum genotypes for seed quality traits, to characterize some of their growth characters, yield, yield components and biotechnology characters including the distinguish of their genetic fingerprint, a field trial was carried out at the experimental farm, of Agric. Res. Station, Sids, Agric. Res. Center (ARC) and the Lab. of Seed Technology Dept & Cell Research Studies Dept, in the two growing seasons of 2008 and 2009. The results showed significant variability among these genotypes in seed germination and seedling characters. Seed germination ranged between 95'.7 % for genotype GZ R4 to 85.5 % for the genotype ICSB 88015. Accelerated ageing germination ranged from 81.7 % for the genotype GZ R4 to 61.3 % for genotype BTX 629. Seedling length ranged between 18.4 cm for the genotype GZ R4to 16.0 cm for the genotype GZ R3. The electrical conductivity was high for the genotype ICSB 88015 (36.3 pS cm-Ig-I) while it was low 22.0 µS cm-1g-1 for genotype GZ R4. The results revealed significant variability among the tested genotypes in days to 50 % flowering which ranged from 73.5 to 69.2 days for genotypes GZ R3 and Giza 113, respectively. Plant height ranged from 255.8 cm for (GZ R4) to 129.6 cm for (ICSB 88015). Panicle length ranged from 30.4 cm for BTX 629 to 21.5 em for BTX 623, respectively. Grain yield/plant ranged from 93.1 for the genotype .GZ R4 to 57.5 g plant -1 for the genotype BTX 629. Genotype productivity based on grain yield arb./faddan-1 ranged from 21.7 for genotype GZ Rl to 15.7 arb./faddan-1 for the genotype GZB 11. Besides, there were significant differences for their chemical composition. Significant differences were observed among the grain sorghum genotypes for crude protein that ranged from 12.0 % for genotype BTX 623 to 11.2 % for genotype GZ B11. By contrast, there were no significant differences among the grain sorghum genotypes for total carbohydrates. The highest percentage was 72.6 for GZB 16 while the lowest was for the genotype GZ R3 ( 71.1 %) The genotypes BTX 629 and ICSR 89025 gave the highest oil percentage (3.4 %), whereas the lowest value (3.0%) was recorded for genotype GZ R4. The SDS-PAGE for water soluble protein of the thirteen genotypes displayed a maximum of 22 bands with molecular weight ranging from 199.0 to 48.0 kDa. Twenty two polymorphic bands (100 . %) were observed Four random primers were used that generated a total of 57 bands, from which 53 (92.9%) were polymorphic. Twelve out of 57 (21.05%) bands were found to be useful as genetic-specific markers. The RAPD technique has proved its potential producing unique genetic fingerprint for each genotype. Based on biotechnology characters including distinguished genetic fingerprint and the results laboratory test and field trails some genotypes would be o/great interest to plant breeder and be included in Sorghum breeding program specially these of high viability value, high yielding and good storability.

Summary in Arabic.

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