An innovative low-cost automatic prototype for fruits and vegetables weight basis packaging [electronic resource].

Includes bibliographic reference.

Nowadays most packaging machines manufacturers implement highly automated sophisticated components to be very costly.
Moreover the economic circumferences and agricultural industry revolution in Egypt impose to find local technical solutions
for all industrial production obstacles. The approach towards low cost automatic packaging prototype is depending on using
simple pneumatic, mechanical, electrical and electronic devices in prototype manufacturing with high productivity concerns.
These synergistic combinations of those engineering fields lead to the science of mechatronics. Open sources hardware provides
the suitable environment for creation without additional costs. Three innovative embedded systems were designed and virtually
simulated using software package Proteus Design Suite 8. The first one is for weighing process by an infrared (transmitter and receiver)
and load cell sensors for information gathering to an open source microcontroller (Arduino-Uno). Pneumatic pistons and DC motor were used
as control system actuators. The DC motor was used to rotate the conveyor belt with different speeds controlled by the other two designs of
embedded control systems, close loop system (phase locked loop technique integrated with pulse width modulation technique) and open loop
system (pulse width modulation technique) were analyzed and compared using an oscilloscope for frequency graphing. The conveyor belt velocity
was determined based on the information about product weight and the total weight required for packaging. The performance of each unit of the
packaging prototype was analyzed. The experimental result of the packaging prototype was capable of fully automate three different types of fruits
and vegetables which are lemon (Citrus aurantifolio), tomato Peto 86 (Lycopersicon escalentum-Mill) and ripe plum (Prunes salicina).

Summary in Arabic.