Establishment of callus cultures of chrysanthemum (dendranthema × grandiflorum) var. ‘zembla yellow’ [electronic resource]

Includes bibliographic reference

Dendranthema x grandiflorum is an important species of the genus Dendranthema, and for the development of callus cultures.
In this study, explants such as leaves and internodes were used to evaluate the effects of different types of explants,
plant growth regulating agents in various concentrations on callus production. The results showed that, the leaf explant was
significantly enhanced callus production than internode explant according to the percentage of callus formation,
fresh and dry weight parameters. MS supplemented with 0.2 mg/l-1 BAP and 0.5 mg/l-1 2,4-D yielded the highest efficiency
of callus formation after 2 month of culture. The BAP 0.2 mg/l-1 was significantly enhanced callus production in the both
fresh and dry weight parameters than BAP 0.1 mg/l-1. The use of 0.5 mg/l-1 2,4-D excelled all other treatments for fresh
weight although, there is no significant differences from the 1 mg/l-1 2,4-D treatment, the high 2,4-D concentrations
2 mg/l-1 also performed better than the lower concentrations for dry weight. Similarly, the least fresh and dry weight
were obtained from the control which was devoid of 2,4-D. Using 0.5 mg/l-1 2,4-D leaf explant excelled all other treatments
for fresh weight than internode explant, but using 2 mg/l-1 2,4-D leaf explant excelled all other treatments for dry weight
than internode explant. Similarly, the control of leaf and internode explant in the both concentrations (0 and 0.5 mg/l-1)
yielded the lowest fresh weight, but in dry weight the least was obtained from the control of leaf explant. Using 0.1 mg/l-1 BAP
with 0.5 mg/l-1 2,4-D and 0.2 mg/l-1 BAP with (0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg/l-1) 2,4-D excelled all other treatments for fresh weight,
but the best is using 0.1 mg/l-1 BAP with 0.5 mg/l-1 2,4-D. The least fresh weight was obtained from the control which devoids
of plant growth regulators. Using 0.1 mg/l-1 BAP with 2 mg/l-1 2,4-D leaf explant excelled all other treatments with espect to dry weight.
The least dry weight was obtained from the control which devoids of plant growth regulators.
Keywords: Dendranthema x grandiflorum, explants, plant growth regulators, in vitro, callus induction cultures, callus formation.

Summary in Arabic