Genotoxicity of some synthetic and bio-fungicides on Vicia faba and the yeast tester strain (D₇) [electronic resource].

Includes reference.

The present work was carried out to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of two synthetic fungicides (Dithane M-45 and Rizolex T 50%) and two bio-organic fungicides (Clean root derived from Bacillus subtilis, and Blight stop derived from Trichoderma harzianum) which are commonly used in Egyptian Agriculture. The treatments were applied on two biological systems, one included a higher plant ( Vicia faba) while the other included a microbial strain, (5. cerevisiae D₇). Cytological testes on Vicia faba plants showed that there were no significant differences between treated and untreated for parent and F1 in chiasma frequency/cell for all used fungicides. The mean frequency of chiasmata/cell was higher at diakinesis than that of metaphase I in all tested plants. This means that there were no effected by any treatment. Concerning the genotoxic effect on the tester 5. cerevisia D₇ strain, the percentages of survivals decreased as the concentration and/or the treatment periods increased for all tested treatments. The used concentrations of Blight stop (Trichoderma filtrate) could not induce any convertants or revertants. All of Clean root, Dithane M-45 and Rizolex T 50% doses induced converted colonies in S. cerevisiae D₇ stain. None of the tested fungicides doses induced 5. cerevisiae D₇ reverting colonies except the Dithane treatment. From the cytological and genetical points of view, results suggested that the use of bio-fungicides as an alternative of the synthetic fungicides may be more safe.

Summary in Arabic.

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