Effect of oyster mushroom growth on chemical composition and in-vitro disappearance of farm wastes previously fortified by oil seed cakes [electronic resource].

Includes references.

The present work was carried out to investigate the improvement of the chemical structure of the agricultural wastes by supplementation with oil seed cakes during the oyster mushroom( Pleurotus colmbinus and Pleurotus ostreatus) to be used as animal feed for small ruminants. This experiment was carried out in the Regional Centre for Food and Feed (RCFF) belong to Agricultural Research Center. Ministry of Agriculture. winter 2005 using Pleurotus sp. (obtained from DSMZ institute. Germany. whereas the spawn prepared by RCFF. Two and half kg from chopped wet and pasteurized supplemented rice straw and supplemented sesame with 3% oil seed cakes ( soybean seed cakes. cotton seed cakes and. sunflower seed cakes mixed with 3% calcium carbonate with 65 % moisture content) were inoculated in each plastic container (40 x25 x 30 cm) with a 5% (wt/wet wt) spawn. The containers were covered lightly with plastic sheets and incubated up to 4 weeks. Samples were taken after 4 weeks to determine the chemical changes of substrates. Crude protein. Ash content. lignin. cellulose and hemicellulose were determined. In vitro dry matter digestibility was carried out. Concerning the chemical composition. many changes in rice straw and sesame straw chemical composition took place due to the fungal growth and supplementation during the incubation periods. Soybean seed cakes with Pleurotus columbinus increased the protein content in rice straw and sesame straw. by 237% and 229% respectively after four weeks of incubation. In the same time. the highest improvement in the crude fiber was occurred when supplemented the rice straw with soybean seed cake 3% and incubated with Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus columbines 34.9%. without differences between the two treatments. Concerning the sesame straw results did not exert detrimental high effect in the crude fiber comparing with incubated sesame straw without supplementation. The highest decreasing in the fiber content was noticed with sesame straw supplemented with soybean when cultivated with both fungus 17.2%. Concerning the fiber fraction, NDF content have been improved clearly in supplemented rice straw and sesame straw by soybean cakes when incubated with Pleurotus ostreatus for 4 weeks. On the other hand. the effect of treatments on the fiber fractions content, there is a clearly improvement in supplemented rice straw and sesame straw by soybean when incubated with Pleurotus astreatus for 4 weeks. Concerning cellulose and hemicellulose. supplemented rice straw with sunflower seed cakes and soybean seed cakes showed the greatest improvement for cellulose and hemicelluloses during incubation period (4 weeks) with Pleurotus sp. Whereas. regarding the sesame straw, no high improvement was noticed through all treatments. Concerning the degradation of lignin content, the highest degradation for rice straw and sesame straw was observed when rice straw incubated with Pleurotus ostreatus and sesame straw supplemented with soybean incubated with Pleurotus columbines. Beside that. the In-vitro OMD and In-vitro DMD for rice straw and sesame straw were increased. The highest increasement were shown with these substances when supplemented with soybean incubated for 4 weeks with Pleurotus columbillus

Summary in Arabic.

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